# Data Owners, Controllers, and Processors
Backlink: [[Domain 1 - Index]]
**Definition:** Roles accountable for data decisions (owner/controller) and operations (custodian/processor).
## Key Facts
- Data owner: internal role assigning classification and access policies.
- Controller: determines purposes/means of processing (legal role).
- Processor: processes data on behalf of controller; bound by DPA.
- Custodian: implements controls, backups, and access enforcement.
- Contracts (DPA, SLA) define obligations and audits.
- **Verify:** check official (ISC)² CBK and current exam outline.
>[!tip] **Exam Relevance**
- Map scenario actors to roles correctly
- Identify who approves access and retention
>[!note] **Mnemonic**
- “Own decides; Process does.”
### Example
Q: Cloud SaaS stores your customer data; which role?
A: SaaS is processor; your org is controller.
## Revision Checklist
- [ ] Define owner/controller/processor/custodian
- [ ] Tie roles to classification and access
- [ ] Know contractual artifacts (DPA)
- [ ] Assign accountability in RACI
## Related
[[Data Classification and Handling]] · [[Privacy Principles and Regulations]] · [[Service Level Agreements and Contracts]] · [[Third-Party and Supplier Risk Management]] · [[Security Roles and Responsibilities]]
#cisSP #domain-1 #concept